AnimalProfessional.com
  • Home
  • Morale Boosters
  • Free Content
    • NextGEM >
      • NextGEM 2018 Presentations
    • Disaster Preparedness
    • Lake Victoria Videos and eBooks
    • IMLS - Zoo Elephant Welfare Study Findings
    • Conference Abstracts >
      • The Animal Behavior Management Alliance (ABMA) >
        • ABMA 2011 >
          • ABMA 2011 Avalanche Rescue Dog
          • ABMA 2011 Keynote Dr. Mellen Abstract
          • ABMA 2011 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2011 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2011 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2011 Workshops Abstracts
        • ABMA 2012 >
          • ABMA 2012 Keynote Hal Markowitz Abstract
          • ABMA 2012 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2012 Wednesday Abstrats
          • ABMA 2012 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2012 Measuring Enrichment Efficacy Abstract
          • ABMA 2012 Training Safety Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2012 Special Presentation Abstract
        • ABMA 2013 >
          • ABMA 2013 Keynote Dr. Ian Sterling Abstract
          • ABMA 2013 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Special Presentations Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Research and Evaluation Workshop Abstract
        • ABMA 2014 >
          • ABMA 2014 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2014 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2014 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2014 Friday Abstracts
        • ABMA 2015 >
          • ABMA 2015 Keynote Ken Ramirez Abstract
          • ABMA 2015 Abstracts Tuesday
          • ABMA 2015 Abstracts Thursday
          • ABMA 2015 Abstracts Saturday
          • ABMA 2015 Special Presentations Abstracts
        • ABMA 2016 >
          • ABMA 2016 Abstracts Monday
          • ABMA 2016 Abstracts Wednesday
          • ABMA 2016 Abstracts Friday
          • ABMA 2016 Special Presentations Abstracts
        • ABMA 2017 >
          • ABMA 2017 Keynote Megan Parker Abstract
          • ABMA 2017 Abstracts Monday
          • ABMA 2017 Abstracts Wednesday
          • ABMA 2017 Abstracts Friday
          • ABMA 2017 Enrichment Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2017 Shape of Enrichment Abstract
        • ABMA 2018 >
          • ABMA 2018 Keynote Abstracts Gary Wilson and Thad Lacinak
          • ABMA 2018 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2018 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2018 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2018 Research and Evaluation Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2018 Special Presentations and Advanced Training Abstracts
        • ABMA 2019 >
          • ABMA 2019 Keynote Kate Webb
          • ABMA 2019 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2019 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2019 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2019 Research and Evaluation Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2019 Special Presentations and Advanced Abstracts Training
          • ABMA 2019 Panel Discussion - Hot Topics Abstract
        • ABMA 2021 >
          • ABMA 2021 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2021 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2021 Saturday Abstracts
        • ABMA 2022 >
          • ABMA 2022 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2022 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2022 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2022 Friday Abstracts
      • International Conference on Environmental Enrichment (ICEE) >
        • ICEE 2011 >
          • ICEE 2011 Keynote Dr. Joy Mench Abstract
          • ICEE 2011 Invited Workshop Dr. Cheryl Meehan Abstract
          • ICEE 2011 Talks Invited Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 1 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 2 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 3 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 4 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 5 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 6 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 7 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 8 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 9 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 10 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Personality and Behavioral Husbandry Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Building enriched environments through design collaboration Abstracts
      • Regional Aquatics Workshop (RAW) >
        • RAW 2012 >
          • RAW 2012 Training Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Water Quality and Filtration Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Freshwater Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Aquarium and Population Management Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Crustacean Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Elasmobranchs Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Collection, Transport, and Acclimation Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Exhibits and Animal Health Abstracts
        • RAW 2013 >
          • RAW 2013 Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Animal Management and Training Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Animal Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Natural Disaster Preparation and Recovery Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Exhibitry Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Live Collection Management Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Professional Development and Aquarist Training Abstracts
        • RAW 2014 >
          • RAW 2014 Tuesday Abstracts
          • RAW 2014 Wednesday Abstracts
          • RAW 2014 Thursday Abstracts
          • RAW 2014 Friday Abstracts
        • RAW 2015 >
          • RAW 2015 New Projects and Exhibits Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Training and Enrichment Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Elasmobranch Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 LSS and WQ Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Animal Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Conservation & Research Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 The End! Abstracts
        • RAW 2016 >
          • RAW 2016 Sharks / Sand Tiger Shark Round Table Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Conservation and Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Animal Transport Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 LSS and Quarantine Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Exhibit Design and Lighting Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Training and Enrichment Abstracts
        • RAW 2017 >
          • RAW 2017 Research and Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Culturing Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Personnel, LSS, and Exhibits Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Medical Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 AZA SAFE Speakers
        • RAW 2018 >
          • RAW 2018 Coral Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Shark Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Guest Programs Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Workforce Development Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Animal Behavior Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Veterinary Care, Nutrition & Animal Handling Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Life Support & Water Quality Abstracts
        • RAW 2019 >
          • RAW 2019 Opening Presentation Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Freshwater Mussel Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Invertebrate Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Marine Fish Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Elasmobranch Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Collection Sustainability Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Coral Culture Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 LSS & Exhibitry Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Animal Welfare Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Animal Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Aquatic Animal Welfare Discussion Abstract
          • RAW 2019 Taxon Advisory Groups (TAG) Abstract
        • RAW 2022 >
          • RAW 2022 Health Management Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Husbandry Techniques Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Welfare General Session Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Diversity, Equity, Access and Inclusivity Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Corals Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Morning Buzz Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Husbandry Techniques 2 Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Sustainable Collections Abstracts
      • International Elasmobranch Husbandry Symposium (IEHS) >
        • IEHS 2013 >
          • IEHS 2013 Sustainability Abstracts
          • IEHS 2013 Health Abstracts
          • IEHS 2013 Husbandry Abstracts
          • IEHS 2013 Husbandry II Abstracts
      • Aquality >
        • Aquality 2014 >
          • Aquality II 2014 Supply and Pre-Treatment Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Chemical and Ultraviolet Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Ozone and Fractionation Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Mechanical Filtration Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Biological Filtration Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Marine Mammals and Friends Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Nutrient Control Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Denitrification Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Corals and Jellies LSS Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Microbiology in LSS Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Quantification Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Troubleshooting Abstracts
      • Aquatic Animal Life Support Operators (AALSO) >
        • AALSO 2015 >
          • AALSO 2015 Host Facility Spotlights Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Short Facility Updates Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Water Quality & Chemistry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Sponsored Facility Updates Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Symposium Theme Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Dirty Laundry Abstracts
        • AALSO 2016 >
          • AALSO 2016 Dirty Laundry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2016 Water Quality/Chemistry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2016 Symposium Theme - Species Specific Abstracts
          • AALSO 2016 Dive Operations & Green Initiatives Abstracts
        • AALSO 2017 >
          • AALSO 2017 Monday Abstracts
          • AALSO 2017 Tuesday Abstracts
          • AALSO 2017 Wednesday Abstracts
        • AALSO 2018 >
          • AALSO 2018 Abstracts Monday
          • AALSO 2018 Abstracts Tuesday
          • AALSO 2018 Abstracts Wednesday
        • AALSO 2019 >
          • AALSO 2019 Dirty Laundry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 Water Quality & Chemistry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 Program Management Series Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 New Innovations Series Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 Making It Work Series Abstracts
      • International Aquarium Congress (IAC) >
        • IAC 2016 >
          • IAC 2016 Keynote Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Fish Husbandry Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 TAXA Champions Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Elasmonbranch Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Mammal and Turtle Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Aquatic Diseases Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Coral Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Life Support Operations Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Field Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Fish Conservation and Propagation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 New Aquariums and Exhibits Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Sustainable Seafood Movement Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Conservation Education Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Traveling and Temporary Exhibits Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Business Operations Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Aquarium Education Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Public Outreach Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Conservation Outreach Abstracts
      • International Seadragon Husbandry Symposium (ISHS) >
        • ISHS 2016 >
          • ISHS 2016 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ISHS 2016 Wednesday Abstracts
        • ISHS 2018 >
          • ISHS 2018 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ISHS 2018 Wednesday Abstracts
      • National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association (NWRA) >
        • NWRA 2018 >
          • NWRA 2018 Keynote Abstract
          • NWRA 2018 Workshop Lecture Abstract
          • NWRA 2018 Administration Abstracts
          • NWRA 2018 Urban Wildlife Conflict Abstracts
          • NWRA 2018 Education Abstracts
          • NWRA 2018 Assorted Topics Abstracts
          • NWRA 2018 Release & Survival Abstracts
        • NWRA 2019 >
          • NWRA 2019 Keynote Abstract
          • NWRA 2019 Setting Limits Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Animal Welfare Plenary Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Working Together Abstract
          • NWRA 2019 Avian Veterinary Topics Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Workshop Lectures Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Volunteers Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Reptiles Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Disease Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Reuniting Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Post-release Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Avian Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Education Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Training Ambassadors Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Mammals I Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Diets & Nutrition Abstracts
          • NWRA 2019 Avian Radiographs 101 Abstract
        • NWRA 2020 >
          • NWRA 2020 Plenary Session Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Avian 1 Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Mammals 1 Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Data Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Rehabilitators and Zoos Roundtable Abstract
          • NWRA 2020 Herptiles Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 General Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Veterinary Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Waterbird Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Medications Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Oiled Wildlife & Disaster Response I Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Toxicity Abstracts
          • NWRA 2020 Education & Outreach Abstracts
        • NWRA 2021 >
          • NWRA 2021 Avian Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Herptiles Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Mammals Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Biosecurity Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 General Rehabilitation Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Outreach Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Wildlife Medicine Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Veterinary Abstracts
          • NWRA 2021 Standards Panel Abstract
      • Sea Otter Conservation Workshop >
        • Sea Otter Conservation Workshop 2019 Abstracts >
          • Sea Otter 2019 Population Status Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 Ecology Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 Conservation Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 Veterinary Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 Husbandry Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 Physiology Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 Genetics Abstracts
          • Sea Otter 2019 General Abstracts
      • Cephalopod Symposium >
        • Cephalopod Symposium 2019 Abstracts >
          • Cephalopod 2019 Presentation Abstracts
      • ​Global Online Animal Training Summit (GOATS) Abstracts >
        • GOATS 2021 Presentations
      • Effects of Oil on Wildlife (EOW) Abstracts >
        • Effects of Oil on Wildlife (EOW) 2022 Abstracts >
          • EOW 2022 Plenary Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 New Tools Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Training the Next Generation Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Responder Management Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Integrating Wildlife Into the Larger Oil Spill Response Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Rehab, Research, and Pathology Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Inland and Coastal Wildlife Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Cooperative Efforts I & II Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Peru and Galapagos Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Offshore Wildlife Response Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Restoration and Impact Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Planning and Prevention Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Lessons from recent spills I & II Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Workshops Abstracts
          • EOW 2022 Roundtable Abstracts
    • #ChondroCensus
    • Minorities in Aquarium and Zoo Science
  • Member Content
    • The Animal Behavior Management Alliance (ABMA) >
      • ABMA 2011 >
        • ABMA 2011 Pre-Conference >
          • ABMA 2011 Avalanche Rescue Dog
        • ABMA 2011 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2011 Keynote Dr. Mellen
        • ABMA 2011 Papers >
          • ABMA 2011 Monday Papers
          • ABMA 2011 Tuesday Papers
          • ABMA 2011 Thursday Papers
        • ABMA 2011 Extended Presentations >
          • ABMA 2011 Special Presentations
        • ABMA 2011 Workshops >
          • ABMA 2011 Workshops
      • ABMA 2012 >
        • ABMA 2012 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2012 Keynote Hal Markowitz
        • ABMA 2012 Papers >
          • ABMA 2012 Monday Papers
          • ABMA 2012 Wednesday Papers
          • ABMA 2012 Friday Papers
        • ABMA 2012 Workshops >
          • ABMA 2012 Measuring Enrichment Efficacy
          • ABMA 2012 Training Safety Workshop
        • ABMA 2012 Extended Presentations >
          • ABMA 2012 Special Presentation
      • ABMA 2013 >
        • ABMA 2013 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2013 Keynote Dr. Ian Sterling
        • ABMA 2013 Papers >
          • ABMA 2013 Monday Papers
          • ABMA 2013 Wednesday Papers
          • ABMA 2013 Friday Papers
        • ABMA 2013 Extended Presentations >
          • ABMA 2013 Special Presentations
        • ABMA 2013 Workshops >
          • ABMA 2013 Research and Evaluation Workshop
      • ABMA 2014 >
        • ABMA 2014 Papers >
          • ABMA 2014 Monday Papers
          • ABMA 2014 Wednesday Papers
          • ABMA 2014 Thursday Papers
          • ABMA 2014 Friday Papers
      • ABMA 2015 >
        • ABMA 2015 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2015 Keynote Ken Ramirez
        • ABMA 2015 Papers >
          • ABMA 2015 Papers Tuesday
          • ABMA 2015 Papers Thursday
          • ABMA 2015 Papers Saturday
        • ABMA 2015 Extended Presentations >
          • ABMA 2015 Special Presentations
      • ABMA 2016 >
        • ABMA 2016 Papers >
          • ABMA 2016 Papers Monday
          • ABMA 2016 Papers Wednesday
          • ABMA 2016 Papers Friday
        • ABMA 2016 Extended Presentations >
          • ABMA 2016 Special Presentations
      • ABMA 2017 >
        • ABMA 2017 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2017 Keynote Megan Parker
        • ABMA 2017 Papers >
          • ABMA 2017 Papers Monday
          • ABMA 2017 Papers Wednesday
          • ABMA 2017 Papers Friday
        • ABMA 2017 Workshops >
          • ABMA 2017 Enrichment Workshop
          • ABMA 2017 Shape of Enrichment
      • ABMA 2018 >
        • ABMA 2018 Keynotes >
          • ABMA 2018 Keynotes Gary Wilson and Thad Lacinak
        • ABMA 2018 Papers >
          • ABMA 2018 Papers Monday
          • ABMA 2018 Papers Wednesday
          • ABMA 2018 Papers Friday
        • ABMA 2018 Workshops >
          • ABMA 2018 Research and Evaluation Workshop
        • ABMA 2018 Extended Presentations >
          • ABMA 2018 Special Presentations and Advanced Training
      • ABMA 2019 >
        • ABMA 2019 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2019 Keynote Kate Webb
        • ABMA 2019 Papers >
          • ABMA 2019 Monday Papers
          • ABMA 2019 Wednesday Papers
          • ABMA 2019 Friday Papers
        • ABMA 2019 Workshops >
          • ABMA 2019 Research and Evaluation Workshop
        • ABMA 2019 Special Presentations >
          • ABMA 2019 Special Presentations and Advanced Training
        • ABMA 2019 Panel Discussion >
          • ABMA 2019 Panel Discussion - Hot Topics
      • ABMA 2021 >
        • ABMA 2021 Thursday
        • ABMA 2021 Friday
        • ABMA 2021 Saturday
      • ABMA 2022 >
        • ABMA 2022 Tuesday
        • ABMA 2022 Wednesday
        • ABMA 2022 Thursday
        • ABMA 2022 Friday
    • International Conference on Environmental Enrichment (ICEE) >
      • ICEE 2011 >
        • ICEE 2011 Keynote >
          • ICEE 2011 Keynote Dr. Joy Mench
        • ICEE 2011 Invited Workshop >
          • ICEE 2011 Invited Workshop Dr. Cheryl Meehan
        • ICEE 2011 Talks >
          • ICEE 2011 Talks Invited
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 1
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 2
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 3
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 4
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 5
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 6
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 7
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 8
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 9
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 10
        • ICEE 2011 Symposia >
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Personality and Behavioral Husbandry
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Building enriched environments through design collaboration
    • Regional Aquatics Workshop (RAW) >
      • RAW 2012 >
        • RAW 2012 Presentations >
          • RAW 2012 Training
          • RAW 2012 Water Quality and Filtration
          • RAW 2012 Propagation
          • RAW 2012 Freshwater
          • RAW 2012 Aquarium and Population Management
          • RAW 2012 Crustacean Health
          • RAW 2012 Elasmobranchs
          • RAW 2012 Collection, Transport, and Acclimation
          • RAW 2012 Conservation
          • RAW 2012 Exhibits and Animal Health
      • RAW 2013 >
        • RAW 2013 Presentations >
          • RAW 2013 Conservation
          • RAW 2013 Animal Management and Training
          • RAW 2013 Animal Health
          • RAW 2013 Natural Disaster Preparation and Recovery
          • RAW 2013 Exhibitry
          • RAW 2013 Propagation
          • RAW 2013 Live Collection Management
          • RAW 2013 Professional Development and Aquarist Training
      • RAW 2014 >
        • RAW 2014 Presentations >
          • RAW 2014 Tuesday
          • RAW 2014 Wednesday
          • RAW 2014 Thursday
          • RAW 2014 Friday
      • RAW 2015 >
        • RAW 2015 Presentations >
          • RAW 2015 New Projects and Exhibits
          • RAW 2015 Training and Enrichment
          • RAW 2015 Elasmobranch Husbandry
          • RAW 2015 Husbandry
          • RAW 2015 Propagation
          • RAW 2015 LSS and WQ
          • RAW 2015 Animal Health
          • RAW 2015 Conservation & Research
          • RAW 2015 The End!
      • RAW 2016 >
        • RAW 2016 Presentations >
          • RAW 2016 Sharks / Sand Tiger Shark Round Table
          • RAW 2016 Husbandry
          • RAW 2016 Conservation and Propagation
          • RAW 2016 Animal Transport
          • RAW 2016 LSS and Quarantine
          • RAW 2016 Exhibit Design and Lighting
          • RAW 2016 Training and Enrichment
      • RAW 2017 >
        • RAW 2017 Presentations >
          • RAW 2017 Research and Conservation
          • RAW 2017 Culturing
          • RAW 2017 Husbandry
          • RAW 2017 Personnel, LSS, and Exhibits
          • RAW 2017 Medical
          • RAW 2017 AZA SAFE
      • RAW 2018 >
        • RAW 2018 Presentations >
          • RAW 2018 Coral Conservation & Partnerships
          • RAW 2018 Shark Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Conservation & Partnerships
          • RAW 2018 Conservation & Partnerships Panel Discussion
          • RAW 2018 Guest Programs
          • RAW 2018 Workforce Development
          • RAW 2018 Animal Behavior
          • RAW 2018 Veterinary Care, Nutrition & Animal Handling
          • RAW 2018 Life Support & Water Quality
      • RAW 2019 >
        • RAW 2019 Presentations >
          • RAW 2019 Opening Presentations
          • RAW 2019 Freshwater Mussel
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Invertebrate Husbandry
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Marine Fish Husbandry
          • RAW 2019 Elasmobranch
          • RAW 2019 Collection Sustainability
          • RAW 2019 Coral Culture
          • RAW 2019 LSS & Exhibitry
          • RAW 2019 Animal Welfare
          • RAW 2019 Animal Health
        • RAW 2019 Discussions >
          • RAW 2019 Aquatic Animal Welfare Discussion
        • RAW 2019 TAG Meetings >
          • RAW 2019 Taxon Advisory Groups (TAG)
      • RAW 2022 >
        • RAW 2022 Health Management
        • RAW 2022 Husbandry Techniques
        • RAW 2022 Welfare General Session
        • RAW 2022 Diversity, Equity, Access and Inclusivity
        • RAW 2022 Corals
        • RAW 2022 Conservation
        • RAW 2022 Morning Buzz
        • RAW 2022 Husbandry Techniques 2
        • RAW 2022 Sustainable Collections
    • International Elasmobranch Husbandry Symposium (IEHS) >
      • IEHS 2013 >
        • IEHS 2013 Sustainability
        • IEHS 2013 Health
        • IEHS 2013 Husbandry
        • IEHS 2013 Husbandry II
    • Aquality >
      • Aquality II 2014 >
        • Aquality II 2014 Presentations >
          • Aquality II 2014 Supply and Pre-Treatment
          • Aquality II 2014 Chemical and Ultraviolet
          • Aquality II 2014 Ozone and Fractionation
          • Aquality II 2014 Mechanical Filtration
          • Aquality II 2014 Biological Filtration
          • Aquality II 2014 Marine Mammals and Friends
          • Aquality II 2014 Nutrient Control
          • Aquality II 2014 Denitrification
          • Aquality II 2014 Corals and Jellies LSS
          • Aquality II 2014 Microbiology in LSS
          • Aquality II 2014 Quantification
          • Aquality II 2014 Troubleshooting
    • Aquatic Animal Life Support Operators (AALSO) >
      • AALSO 2015 >
        • AALSO 2015 Host Facility Spotlights
        • AALSO 2015 Short Facility Updates
        • AALSO 2015 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2015 Sponsored Facility Updates
        • AALSO 2015 Symposium Theme
        • AALSO 2015 Dirty Laundry
      • AALSO 2016 >
        • AALSO 2016 Dirty Laundry
        • AALSO 2016 Water Quality/Chemistry
        • AALSO 2016 Symposium Theme - Species Specific
        • AALSO 2016 Dive Operations & Green Initiatives
      • AALSO 2017 >
        • AALSO 2017 Monday
        • AALSO 2017 Tuesday
        • AALSO 2017 Wednesday
      • AALSO 2018 >
        • AALSO 2018 Papers Monday
        • AALSO 2018 Papers Tuesday
        • AALSO 2018 Papers Wednesday
      • AALSO 2019 >
        • AALSO 2019 Dirty Laundry
        • AALSO 2019 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2019 Program Management Series
        • AALSO 2019 New Innovations Series
        • AALSO 2019 Making It Work Series
      • AALSO 2021 >
        • AALSO 2021 New Innovations Series
        • AALSO 2021 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2021 Dirty Laundry
        • AALSO 2021 Program Management Series
        • AALSO 2021 Greening Up LSS
      • AALSO 2022 >
        • AALSO 2022 New Innovations Series
        • AALSO 2022 Making It Work
        • AALSO 2022 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2022 Program Management Series
    • International Aquarium Congress (IAC) >
      • IAC 2016 >
        • IAC 2016 Keynotes
        • IAC 2016 Fish Husbandry
        • IAC 2016 TAXA Champions
        • IAC 2016 Elasmonbranch Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Mammal and Turtle Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Aquatic Diseases
        • IAC 2016 Coral Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Life Support Operations
        • IAC 2016 Field Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Fish Conservation and Propagation
        • IAC 2016 New Aquariums and Exhibits
        • IAC 2016 Sustainable Seafood Movement
        • IAC 2016 Conservation Education
        • IAC 2016 Traveling and Temporary Exhibits
        • IAC 2016 Business Operations
        • IAC 2016 Aquarium Education
        • IAC 2016 Public Outreach
        • IAC 2016 Conservation Outreach
    • International Seadragon Husbandry Symposium (ISHS) >
      • ISHS 2016 >
        • ISHS 2016 Tuesday
        • ISHS 2016 Wednesday
      • ISHS 2018 >
        • ISHS 2018 Tuesday Presentations
        • ISHS 2018 Wednesday Presentations
    • National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association (NWRA) >
      • NWRA Education Tracks >
        • Avian Basics Track
        • Basics of Wildlife Rehabilitation 1 Track
        • Mammal Basics Track
      • NWRA 2018 >
        • NWRA 2018 Keynote
        • NWRA 2018 Workshop Lecture
        • NWRA 2018 Administration
        • NWRA 2018 Urban Wildlife Conflict
        • NWRA 2018 Education
        • NWRA 2018 Assorted Topics
        • NWRA 2018 Release & Survival
      • NWRA 2019 >
        • NWRA 2019 Keynote
        • NWRA 2019 Setting Limits
        • NWRA 2019 Animal Welfare Plenary
        • NWRA 2019 Working Together
        • NWRA 2019 Avian Veterinary Topics
        • NWRA 2019 Workshop Lectures
        • NWRA 2019 Volunteers
        • NWRA 2019 Reptiles
        • NWRA 2019 Disease
        • NWRA 2019 Reuniting
        • NWRA 2019 Post-release
        • NWRA 2019 Avian
        • NWRA 2019 Education
        • NWRA 2019 Training Ambassadors
        • NWRA 2019 Mammals I
        • NWRA 2019 Diets & Nutrition
        • NWRA 2019 Avian Radiographs 101
      • NWRA 2020 >
        • NWRA 2020 Plenary Session
        • NWRA 2020 Avain 1
        • NWRA 2020 Mammals 1
        • NWRA 2020 Data
        • NWRA 2020 Rehabilitators and Zoos Roundtable
        • NWRA 2020 Herptiles
        • NWRA 2020 General
        • NWRA 2020 Veterinary
        • NWRA 2020 Waterbird
        • NWRA 2020 Medications
        • NWRA 2020 Oiled Wildlife & Disaster Response I
        • NWRA 2020 Toxicity
        • NWRA 2020 Education & Outreach
      • NWRA 2021 >
        • NWRA 2021 Avian
        • NWRA 2021 Herptiles
        • NWRA 2021 Mammals
        • NWRA 2021 Biosecurity
        • NWRA 2021 General Rehabilitation
        • NWRA 2021 Outreach
        • NWRA 2021 Wildlife Medicine
        • NWRA 2021 Veterinary
        • NWRA 2021 Standards Panel
      • NWRA 2022 >
        • NWRA 2022 Avian Care & Husbandry
        • NWRA 2022 Mammal Care & Husbandry
        • NWRA 2022 Parasite & Pathogens
        • NWRA 2022 General Rehabilitation Concepts
        • NWRA 2022 Compassion Fatigue
        • NWRA 2022 Avian Medicine
        • NWRA 2022 Mammal Medicine
        • NWRA 2022 Wildlife Medicine
        • NWRA 2022 Pharmacology
        • NWRA 2022 Triage & Trauma
        • NWRA 2022 Everyday Rehabilitation
        • NWRA 2022 Loons
    • Sea Otter Conservation Workshop >
      • Sea Otter Conservation Workshop 2019 >
        • Sea Otter 2019 Population Status
        • Sea Otter 2019 Ecology
        • Sea Otter 2019 Conservation
        • Sea Otter 2019 Veterinary
        • Sea Otter 2019 Husbandry
        • Sea Otter 2019 Physiology
        • Sea Otter 2019 Genetics
        • Sea Otter 2019 General
    • Cephalopod Symposium >
      • Cephalopod Symposium 2019 >
        • Cephalopod 2019 Presentations
    • ​Global Online Animal Training Summit (GOATS) >
      • GOATS 2021 Presentations
    • Minorities in Aquarium and Zoo Science (MIAZS) >
      • MIAZS
    • Effects of Oil on Wildlife (EOW) >
      • EOW 2022 >
        • EOW 2022 Plenary
        • EOW 2022 New Tools
        • EOW 2022 Training the Next Generation
        • EOW 2022 Responder Management
        • EOW 2022 Integrating Wildlife Into the Larger Oil Spill Response
        • EOW 2022 Rehab, Research, and Pathology
        • EOW 2022 Inland and Coastal Wildlife
        • EOW 2022 Cooperative Efforts I & II
        • EOW 2022 Peru and Galapagos
        • EOW 2022 Offshore Wildlife Response
        • EOW 2022 Restoration and Impact
        • EOW 2022 Planning and Prevention
        • EOW 2022 Lessons from recent spills I & II
        • EOW 2022 Workshops
        • EOW 2022 Roundtable
  • Kraken Curriculum
    • The Bigger Picture >
      • 50000 Foot View
      • Welfare
      • Sustainability and Collection Planning
      • Beyond Our Collections
      • Diversity Equity and Inclusion
    • Water Quality Foundations
    • Life Support
    • Medical Observations and Techniques >
      • Foundations
      • Medications and Techniques
      • Chelonians
      • Teleosts
      • Elasmobranchs
      • Invertebrates
    • Live Foods
    • Cephalopods >
      • Cephalopods General
      • Cuttlefish and Squids
      • Octopuses
      • Nautilus
      • Welfare Issues, Senescence, Behavior, and Enrichment
      • Cephalopods Additional Resources
    • Jellies >
      • Jellies Introduction and Exhibitry
      • Jelly Culturing
      • Specialized Techniques
      • Jellies Additional Resources
  • Contact
  • Search
  • Subscriptions
  • FAQs
Picture
ABMA 2012

Friday Abstracts


​GOLDEN OPPORTUNITIES: 2 FOSSAS (CRYPTOPROCTA FEROX) TRAINED AS ANIMAL AMBASSADORS

Leslie Storer,
​San Diego Zoo Safari Park



Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​
Full Abstract
Working hands on with large strong animals and the public is always a risk we take as animal trainers. At the San Diego Zoo we have greatly minimized the risk factor and increased the safety factor for training our Grant’s Zebra equus burchellii boehmi. Her name is Zari , she weighs 250Kg and is used as an animal ambassador in our Backstage program. Zari can meet up to 100 guests per day, who have the opportunity to pose for photographs as well as touch her. This process is safe because of the installation of a metal frame called the “crib” which has been permanently fitted to her exhibit sliding door. The structure is made of strong metal and serves to contain her in a very small area should she spook. Guests and trainers can touch her and get very close to her. Since the implementation of the ” crib” more trainers have been cleared to work with her, she partakes in her own medical behaviors by offering all four hooves for footwork, anal thermometer, abdominal palpations, stethoscope, bathing , teeth floatation and future blood draws and intubation. The crib has provided a safe environment for both trainers and guests building confidence and trust between trainer and animal in a nurturing environment set up for all to succeed.

​BUILDING CONFIDENCE THROUGH PROTECTED CONTACT

Charmaine Hook, Kelly Elkins, Krista Perry,
San Diego Zoo
​


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Working hands on with large strong animals and the public is always a risk we take as animal trainers. At the San Diego Zoo we have greatly minimized the risk factor and increased the safety factor for training our Grant’s Zebra equus burchellii boehmi. Her name is Zari , she weighs 250Kg and is used as an animal ambassador in our Backstage program. Zari can meet up to 100 guests per day, who have the opportunity to pose for photographs as well as touch her. This process is safe because of the installation of a metal frame called the “crib” which has been permanently fitted to her exhibit sliding door. The structure is made of strong metal and serves to contain her in a very small area should she spook. Guests and trainers can touch her and get very close to her. Since the implementation of the ” crib” more trainers have been cleared to work with her, she partakes in her own medical behaviors by offering all four hooves for footwork, anal thermometer, abdominal palpations, stethoscope, bathing , teeth floatation and future blood draws and intubation. The crib has provided a safe environment for both trainers and guests building confidence and trust between trainer and animal in a nurturing environment set up for all to succeed.
MIXING IT UP! MANAGING AND TRAINING A HOOFSTOCK EXHIBIT IN THE PRESENCE OF AFRICAN ELEPHANTS

Jeremy Dillon, Sara Squires,
​Heather Seymour, Robbie Clark,
Dallas Zoo Management, Inc


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
In May of 2010 the Dallas Zoo opened its new 11 acre exhibit ‘The Giants of the Savanna’, which is a progressive model of animal management, welfare and training. The highlight of the Savanna is our four acre habitat. Through extensive planning and hard work, our team has been able to achieve a mixed exhibit that includes Impala, Zebra, Ostrich, Guinea Fowl, Elephants and eventually Giraffes. The unique presence of African Elephants with a mix of iconic Savanna species presents staff with many management challenges, especially switching from previously managed free-contact hoof stock species to protected-contact. The staff’s best option for safely managing this exhibit is to train all species to have a strong recall and to station. This allows for control over introductions, emergencies, and separating the species at the end of each day. Our paper covers this rare experience of planning for a mixed exhibit, including exhibit setup, animal training and emergency protocols, and the knowledge gained from our observations of the unique interactions between the species.  By setting this precedent of zoo animal management, the zoo has provided an exceptional opportunity for the Dallas public to view a snapshot of an African ecosystem.

DESENSITIZATION FOR UNRESTRAINED INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTIONS
​WITH A REEVES MUNTJAC


Stacie Marchionne,
​Discovery Cove/SeaWorld Orlando


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Managing small hoofstock species such as the Reeves Muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) can often be quite challenging due to their sensitive nature and instinctual flight response. As we have learned through working with a variety of species, training and conditioning can be valuable tools in overcoming natural fears and tendencies. Without concentrated desensitization training these small, shy creatures can easily become anxious, and may attempt to escape from aversive stimuli when husbandry or medical procedures need to be performed.  At Discovery Cove, past methods of anesthetizing our muntjacs for veterinary exams required keepers to use physical restraint to keep the animal still while a veterinarian would administer an intramuscular injection. Attempts to restrain the animal would cause them to become very agitated, and they would often attempt to escape the area by running and jumping, potentially injuring themselves or staff members. In May of 2009 a training plan was implemented to help make medical exams safer and easier for all involved. The goal of the plan was to desensitize our female muntjac “Eve” to accept unrestrained intramuscular injections. The execution of this injection training plan involved numerous challenges, such as training Eve to station to a fixed location, and desensitizing Eve to various stimuli including tactile, cleaning of the injection site, and the pressure of the needle itself.  In the end, the training plan proved to be a success, as we were able to administer anesthesia to Eve via an unrestrained intramuscular injection.
CHALLENGES OF CONVINCING AN EUROPEAN ZOO TO LET THE COUNTRY'S ONLY ANIMAL TRAINER START AN OPERANT CONDITIONING PROGRAM

Anna Oblasser-Mirtl,
​Animal Training Center, Austria


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
After graduating from Moorpark College in 2006 Anna Oblasser-Mirtl went back to Austria to enhance animal training and care in her home country. She started her own business, providing various services related to R+ training unique to Austria. While most ideas did appeal to costumers right away, zoo animal training was the hardest concept to succeed with. Due to her personal passion for animal training in a zoo setting, Anna has tried to get a chance to present her ideas for more than 4 years. After months of discussions, presentations and demonstrations, Anna finally persuaded the staff of a mountain zoo to start a basic training program. This paper covers basic parameters necessary for convincing a CEO of new ideas.  The importance of thinking like a non-trainer or even a non-animal person and of staying motivated and not frustrated or over-motivated (both can be fatal) will be discussed. The daily challenges Anna faces in Europe when it comes to implementing ideas which require open-minded facilitators take a lot of understanding for the other side. After half of the animal care staff was allowed to attend Anna's Chicken Camp, it only took about 4 weeks until they could crate their timid mountain lions. The first training success at the mountain zoo isn't only a jackpot for Anna and her staff, it's also a big step to spread the idea and benefits of a well planed, carefully and professionally accomplished, time and money saving training program all around Europe.
​​

BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
IN THE DIGITAL ERA


Kimberly Rappaport,
University of California, San Francisco



Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
The 8th edition of The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals emphasizes the greater need for detailed records in behavioral management and social housing. Paper records are a storage burden. Requiring manpower, time and resources to retrieve and share information. Despite advances in both technology and animal behavior, the current market for behavioral database programs is limited by both its affordability and effectiveness. Most institutions are highly impacted by the economy and budget cuts, making the cost of a system overhaul difficult. We designed versatile interface program using fileMaker that reduces the tedious act of manual searching, copying and redacting. Our goal was to offer employees an effective program for documenting behavioral management while providing a user friendly intervace for optimal transitioning and record maintenance. Our findings show that modifications to specific institute needs increased usage and compliance. A simple data entry interface reduced the level of computer skills required, allowing users to enter data more frequently and with greater detail. In this presentation, we review the features of this new database, that would be useful in a range of facilities, making regulatory compliance simpler and more importantly, allowing better tracking of animals’ needs.
​
​A CLASSICAL CONDITIONING STORY: THE LIFE AND TRAINING OF AN UNUSUAL CALIFORNIA SEA LION

​Jenifer Zeligs, Ph.D. and Stefani Skrovan, Animal Training and Research International, Moss Landing Marine Labs


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​   
Full Abstract
Cali, a premature demoic acid surviving California sea lion suffers from extensive behavioral/neurological problems that have resulted in an unnatural appetitive condition: strictly speaking, food is not always a primary reinforcer for her.  Cali has trouble eating food placed in her enclosure, delivered from strangers, offered in strange environments, in multi-animal conditions, through a fence or barrier and several other very specific situation-dependent circumstances.  This abnormal attitude toward food has resulted in long periods of nearly fatal fasting and other psychological and physiological disruptions.  Using very minute and careful successive approximations it has become possible to use classical conditioning to condition food consumption from new people and in new circumstances by associating these stimuli with relationships that have already been solidly conditioned previously.  Over time, Cali can learn to eat from people she doesn’t know or in certain uncomfortable circumstances if the food is treated as a secondary reinforcer and the existing relationship is treated as the primary.  A description of the unique and somewhat backwards way of working with Cali will be presented as an interesting case study in behavior modification techniques.
INITIAL APPROXIMATIONS FOR CONDITIONING HUSBANDRY BEHAVIORS IN A NAIVE FRESHWATER WHIPRAY (HIMANTURA DALYENSIS)

Karey Harris,
​National Aquarium in Baltimore


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
The National Aquarium in Baltimore (NAIB) houses 1.1 freshwater whiprays (Himantura dalyensis).  The male’s training is described in this case study. He was trained using operant conditioning techniques to touch his rostrum to a target. Training was initiated because he was feeding in a manner that was harmful to himself, and trainers wanted a way to prevent this. Trainers have had some challenges such as interpersonal coordination and a major medical treatment of the tank, but have made significant progress by successfully asking him to target with a trainer in the water.  Initially the target was placed anterior to his rostrum, and approximations were made to shape for gentle touches.  A clicker was added as trainers began asking for more complex responses.  After associating the clicker with rewards, trainers could effectively shape the targeting.   He is able to reliably target when a trainer is on the land or in the water.  The immediate goal is to work on asking for an extended duration touch to the target.  NAIB staff would like to continue his training with a trainer in the water, so approximations to medical treatments and desensitization to a stretcher can be made.

​CHIMPANZEE PARTICIPATES IN DEVELOPING TRAINING PLAN

Sarah Hunsberger,
Language Research Center,
Georgia State University


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Panzee is a 25-year-old female chimpanzee used in cognitive research at Georgia State University.  She has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism caused by either a deficiency of or a resistance to insulin.  To properly manage cases of insulin-dependent diabetes, the glucose levels of the body must be routinely monitored.  In order to do this with Panzee, small blood samples are taken from her multiple times per day.  Blood was previously collected from Panzee by anesthetization, a practice the laboratory does not wish to perform because of the involved risks.  Therefore, we developed and implemented a training program to create a safe and comfortable framework for Panzee's blood glucose tests.  The planning team included the veterinarian, animal technicians, and Panzee.  Being a chimpanzee who communicates with humans by using lexigrams, Panzee chose to be involved.  She selected positive reinforcers as rewards for meeting training expectations, voluntarily presented herself for blood sampling, and decided the part of her body that she preferred to use as the testing site. This presentation will show that by way of communication, humans and a chimpanzee together created and performed a successful training plan.
MAXIMIZING CAPTIVE ELEPHANT WELL-BEING AND MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES: USING BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATION DATA COLLECTION TO DETERMINE BASELINE DATA FOR COMPARISON TO WILD AFRICAN ELEPHANTS

Gina Kinzley,
​Oakland Zoo


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Providing larger spaces, free access to browse and pasture, allows captive elephants to exhibit feeding strategies and feeding activity budgets more comparable to those in the wild, by increasing foraging time and opportunity. A forty year study in Amboseli National Park, Kenya has collected a wealth of information about African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana), particularly on social behavior and activity budget. Due to Amboseli’s unique characteristics, this “unbroken” population’s baseline data is the optimal candidate for comparison to zoo elephants or the like. The goal of this study was to collect behavioral and locomotive data from four captive African Elephants at the Oakland Zoo for both increased welfare management practices and wild-elephant comparison purposes. Hundreds of hours of data were collected from 2007 to 2011, using both keepers and a specially trained volunteer observer team. Our data shows similar activity budget percentages to that of wild elephants in Amboseli National Park. We also found statistical significance in comparing our own data from year to year, season to season, and daytime to nighttime, which may give us suggestions on current management practices and how to further progress. While there can never be a perfect comparison due to so many different components of both the natural and artificial environments, we believe that in the zoo setting we should always be striving for the most natural and psychologically stimulating conditions.


​RHESUS ALPHA FEMALE BEHAVIOR AS AN INDICATOR OF SOCIAL INSTABILITY

Allison Heagerty,
Animal Behavior Graduate Group,
​University of California- Davis




Watch Video
 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Social overthrows occur with increasing frequency in captive groups of rhesus macaques. A social overthrow is when the top-ranked females of a social group are attacked by other females, resulting in severe injury and sometimes death of many individuals. Although some group-level risk factors have been identified, as yet, social overthrows cannot be predicted with enough certainty to warrant social intervention. Identifying reliable indicators of instability would allow caretakers to intervene prior to social overthrows to prevent physical harm, and possibly reduce psychosocial stress by restoring stability of the group. The goal of this research was to identify behavioral patterns of key individuals that will allow us to predict social overthrows in rhesus macaque groups. Newly formed groups, which are known to have unstable hierarchies as a consequence of the unfamiliarity of group members, were used as a model for established-group instability. I conducted focal sampling of alpha females and mid to high-ranking control females to record all occurrences of social behaviors under conditions of stability and known instability. Preliminary results indicate that in times of social instability, rhesus alpha females show an increased frequency and duration of dominance displays, nonaggressive displacements, and proximity with high-ranking males. These findings could provide colony managers an easily-monitored barometer of social stability, thus preventing threats to the physical and psychological welfare of captive macaques.

​

OBTAINING A VOLUNTARY
BLOOD SAMPLE ON A POLAR BEAR


Nicole Nicassio-Hiskey,
Oregon Zoo




Watch Video
 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
The Oregon Zoo is home to 1.1 geriatric polar bears. In early 2011, the Marine Life staff began training the female polar bear (Tasul) for voluntary rear foot radiographs to help diagnose suspected arthritis and confirmed bone spurs. After four months of training, staff successfully obtained radiographic images of her rear foot. Access to the foot for radiographs also allowed for great access to a vein in the top of the ankle. Staff began training for a voluntary blood sample via the dorsal metatarsal vein. After two more months of training, staff successfully obtained our first voluntary polar bear blood sample. Today, staff routinely checks Tasul’s BUN (blood urea nitrogen) and creatinine serum concentrations to monitor kidney function. This is a valuable tool as no other facility has reported the ability to track blood values long term with a captive polar bear. This paper will discuss the training steps taken by staff to obtain both the radiographs and blood samples. In addition, the design plans of the modified restraint cage and the specialized equipment needed to make this training possible will be discussed.
CONDITIONING 0.2 NILE HIPPOPOTAMUS (HIPPOPOTAMUS AMPHIBIOUS) TO ACCEPT VOLUNTARY TUSK TRIMMING
​USING A DREMEL TOOL


​Ann-Marie Bisagno and Priscilla Welch, Adventure Aquarium


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Adventure Aquarium houses 0.2 Nile Hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibious). In captive situations, it is a common challenge to safely file or cut a hippo’s tusks without putting the trainers in jeopardy. At Adventure Aquarium the trainers perform many voluntary medical and husbandry behaviors with our animals to decrease stress levels. The team performs monthly dental checks to monitor their oral health.  In 2010 the trainers noticed the hippos’ tusks were continuing to grow and had become sharp on the inside edges. This caused some minor mouth irritation and superficial scratches on their bodies. In order to avoid anesthetizing the hippos for this procedure, the team chose to use operant conditioning techniques and desensitization.  The training team’s goal was to develop a method of filing the tusks down without using a file or a saw to cut the tusks. The trainers consulted with the Aquarium’s veterinary staff and devised the concept of using a dremel tool to file the tusks.  This paper will describe how, through operant conditioning and desensitization, Adventure Aquarium’s Husbandry team was able to successfully train both hippos for voluntary tusk filing using this method.​
​
​CONDITIONING A NON-RESTRAINT ADMINISTRATION OF SUBCUTANEOUS FLUIDS WITH LEPTAILRUS SERVAL


Shiloh Underkoffler,
​Busch Gardens, Tampa Bay


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
An adult male Serval from the animal collection at Busch Gardens in Tampa, Florida was diagnosed with progressive and advanced renal failure. Renal Failure is a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter toxins and waste products from the blood. As a result of this, the metabolic by-products of proteins are excreted at a decreased rate and progressively build up in the bloodstream. Exotic cats are obligate carnivores and are therefore dependent on protein to fulfill their energy requirements. Because protein limitation is not appropriate for these cats, the easiest way to improve kidney function is to supply large quantities of fluids frequently. Administering subcutaneous fluids to an exotic animal may sound like a difficult task. In a typical situation, this would require regular anesthesia to administer these fluids. Complications of anesthesia secondary to renal compromise make this option less than ideal for animal management. We wanted to maintain a positive relationship with our Serval throughout this process, and decided to keep things as simple, and normal for him, as possible. We went a step further from merely desensitizing him to the administration of a needle for fluids, and opted to reshape some of his already trained behaviors.  Due to this, we are now able to successfully administer 500 ml of fluids subcutaneously to him biweekly in a free contact setting, either in his habitat, or other familiar places. Not only is this a great message that we can share with our guests, ultimately, this will also keep the procedure itself a positive experience for him, as well as keep him physically comfortable for the time being.

​VOLUNTARY ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND ON A MOUSTACHE TAMARIN

Linda Edge,
Bronx Zoo



Watch Video
 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​
Full Abstract
Training essential husbandry behaviors is a critical part of improving captive animal welfare; requires relationship-building, consistency, communication and time, all of which can be difficult to maintain in a large facility like the Bronx Zoo. The zoo currently houses a pair of moustached tamarins, Saguinus mystax, in the Monkey House where training is an essential tool for managing small primates in a free-contact environment.  Since July 2011, we have worked on voluntary abdominal ultrasound with the female tamarin.  Prior to the inception of ultrasound training, this animal underwent two surgeries due to a recurrent gallbladder infection. As a result, it was critical to regularly monitor her gallbladder to determine whether another surgery would be necessary and how her condition would be managed, which would require restraint or immobilization, both of which present risks to the animal.  After consultations with veterinary and animal staff, we decided to try monitoring her gallbladder via voluntary ultrasound, and manage her treatment accordingly. After a month of training, we successfully obtained an image of her gallbladder.  She is currently off medication, and we continue to do ultrasound sets with a veterinarian at least once a week. This process is a collaborative and continuous effort that has thus far circumvented the need for immobilization or restraint. Behaviors such as ultrasound are commonly performed with large animals that are managed in a protected-contact situation; this is an example of how voluntary participation in a long-term management behavior proved valuable with a small primate in a free-contact environment.
JUMPING AT A GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY TRAINING POUCH MANAGEMENT BEHAVIORS IN A GROUP OF YELLOW-FOOTED ROCK WALLABIES

Heather Chance And Will Bruner,
​San Antonio Zoo And Aquarium


Watch Video 
​
(Login required)​​
 ​​
Full Abstract
Currently, there are only a small number of yellow-footed rock wallabies in the captive North American population, and SSP recommendations require strict management of the species in order to develop a sustainable population.  As a species, the yellow-footed rock wallaby has a reputation of being nervous, flighty and can become easily stressed, especially when handled.  When stressed, females have been known to abort joeys from their pouches.  The San Antonio Zoo houses a breeding group of 1.3 Yellow-footed Rock Wallabies.  In order to better manage this species, a training program utilizing positive reinforcement was implemented to desensitize the animals to close trainer proximity and to accept tactile contact with the ultimate goal of being able to inspect any young within the pouch.  With regular and consistent training, the group has made leaps and bounds in their progress.  There have also been unforeseen results to the program that are just as good as gold: the animals are more relaxed overall.  They now recover very quickly from the stresses of physical restraint, and construction within their enclosure is more of an enrichment activity then a stressor. The success of this program has far reaching opportunities in not only captive management, but also in the conservation of other endangered macropod species.
Proudly powered by Weebly
  • Home
  • Morale Boosters
  • Free Content
    • NextGEM >
      • NextGEM 2018 Presentations
    • Disaster Preparedness
    • Lake Victoria Videos and eBooks
    • IMLS - Zoo Elephant Welfare Study Findings
    • Conference Abstracts >
      • The Animal Behavior Management Alliance (ABMA) >
        • ABMA 2011 >
          • ABMA 2011 Avalanche Rescue Dog
          • ABMA 2011 Keynote Dr. Mellen Abstract
          • ABMA 2011 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2011 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2011 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2011 Workshops Abstracts
        • ABMA 2012 >
          • ABMA 2012 Keynote Hal Markowitz Abstract
          • ABMA 2012 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2012 Wednesday Abstrats
          • ABMA 2012 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2012 Measuring Enrichment Efficacy Abstract
          • ABMA 2012 Training Safety Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2012 Special Presentation Abstract
        • ABMA 2013 >
          • ABMA 2013 Keynote Dr. Ian Sterling Abstract
          • ABMA 2013 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Special Presentations Abstracts
          • ABMA 2013 Research and Evaluation Workshop Abstract
        • ABMA 2014 >
          • ABMA 2014 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2014 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2014 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2014 Friday Abstracts
        • ABMA 2015 >
          • ABMA 2015 Keynote Ken Ramirez Abstract
          • ABMA 2015 Abstracts Tuesday
          • ABMA 2015 Abstracts Thursday
          • ABMA 2015 Abstracts Saturday
          • ABMA 2015 Special Presentations Abstracts
        • ABMA 2016 >
          • ABMA 2016 Abstracts Monday
          • ABMA 2016 Abstracts Wednesday
          • ABMA 2016 Abstracts Friday
          • ABMA 2016 Special Presentations Abstracts
        • ABMA 2017 >
          • ABMA 2017 Keynote Megan Parker Abstract
          • ABMA 2017 Abstracts Monday
          • ABMA 2017 Abstracts Wednesday
          • ABMA 2017 Abstracts Friday
          • ABMA 2017 Enrichment Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2017 Shape of Enrichment Abstract
        • ABMA 2018 >
          • ABMA 2018 Keynote Abstracts Gary Wilson and Thad Lacinak
          • ABMA 2018 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2018 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2018 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2018 Research and Evaluation Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2018 Special Presentations and Advanced Training Abstracts
        • ABMA 2019 >
          • ABMA 2019 Keynote Kate Webb
          • ABMA 2019 Monday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2019 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2019 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2019 Research and Evaluation Workshop Abstract
          • ABMA 2019 Special Presentations and Advanced Abstracts Training
          • ABMA 2019 Panel Discussion - Hot Topics Abstract
        • ABMA 2021 >
          • ABMA 2021 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2021 Friday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2021 Saturday Abstracts
        • ABMA 2022 >
          • ABMA 2022 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2022 Wednesday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2022 Thursday Abstracts
          • ABMA 2022 Friday Abstracts
      • International Conference on Environmental Enrichment (ICEE) >
        • ICEE 2011 >
          • ICEE 2011 Keynote Dr. Joy Mench Abstract
          • ICEE 2011 Invited Workshop Dr. Cheryl Meehan Abstract
          • ICEE 2011 Talks Invited Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 1 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 2 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 3 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 4 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 5 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 6 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 7 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 8 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 9 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Talks General Session 10 Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Personality and Behavioral Husbandry Abstracts
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Building enriched environments through design collaboration Abstracts
      • Regional Aquatics Workshop (RAW) >
        • RAW 2012 >
          • RAW 2012 Training Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Water Quality and Filtration Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Freshwater Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Aquarium and Population Management Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Crustacean Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Elasmobranchs Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Collection, Transport, and Acclimation Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2012 Exhibits and Animal Health Abstracts
        • RAW 2013 >
          • RAW 2013 Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Animal Management and Training Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Animal Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Natural Disaster Preparation and Recovery Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Exhibitry Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Live Collection Management Abstracts
          • RAW 2013 Professional Development and Aquarist Training Abstracts
        • RAW 2014 >
          • RAW 2014 Tuesday Abstracts
          • RAW 2014 Wednesday Abstracts
          • RAW 2014 Thursday Abstracts
          • RAW 2014 Friday Abstracts
        • RAW 2015 >
          • RAW 2015 New Projects and Exhibits Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Training and Enrichment Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Elasmobranch Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 LSS and WQ Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Animal Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 Conservation & Research Abstracts
          • RAW 2015 The End! Abstracts
        • RAW 2016 >
          • RAW 2016 Sharks / Sand Tiger Shark Round Table Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Conservation and Propagation Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Animal Transport Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 LSS and Quarantine Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Exhibit Design and Lighting Abstracts
          • RAW 2016 Training and Enrichment Abstracts
        • RAW 2017 >
          • RAW 2017 Research and Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Culturing Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Personnel, LSS, and Exhibits Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 Medical Abstracts
          • RAW 2017 AZA SAFE Speakers
        • RAW 2018 >
          • RAW 2018 Coral Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Shark Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Conservation & Partnerships Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Guest Programs Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Workforce Development Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Animal Behavior Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Veterinary Care, Nutrition & Animal Handling Abstracts
          • RAW 2018 Life Support & Water Quality Abstracts
        • RAW 2019 >
          • RAW 2019 Opening Presentation Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Freshwater Mussel Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Invertebrate Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Marine Fish Husbandry Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Elasmobranch Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Collection Sustainability Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Coral Culture Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 LSS & Exhibitry Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Animal Welfare Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Animal Health Abstracts
          • RAW 2019 Aquatic Animal Welfare Discussion Abstract
          • RAW 2019 Taxon Advisory Groups (TAG) Abstract
        • RAW 2022 >
          • RAW 2022 Health Management Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Husbandry Techniques Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Welfare General Session Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Diversity, Equity, Access and Inclusivity Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Corals Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Conservation Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Morning Buzz Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Husbandry Techniques 2 Abstracts
          • RAW 2022 Sustainable Collections Abstracts
      • International Elasmobranch Husbandry Symposium (IEHS) >
        • IEHS 2013 >
          • IEHS 2013 Sustainability Abstracts
          • IEHS 2013 Health Abstracts
          • IEHS 2013 Husbandry Abstracts
          • IEHS 2013 Husbandry II Abstracts
      • Aquality >
        • Aquality 2014 >
          • Aquality II 2014 Supply and Pre-Treatment Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Chemical and Ultraviolet Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Ozone and Fractionation Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Mechanical Filtration Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Biological Filtration Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Marine Mammals and Friends Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Nutrient Control Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Denitrification Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Corals and Jellies LSS Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Microbiology in LSS Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Quantification Abstracts
          • Aquality II 2014 Troubleshooting Abstracts
      • Aquatic Animal Life Support Operators (AALSO) >
        • AALSO 2015 >
          • AALSO 2015 Host Facility Spotlights Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Short Facility Updates Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Water Quality & Chemistry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Sponsored Facility Updates Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Symposium Theme Abstracts
          • AALSO 2015 Dirty Laundry Abstracts
        • AALSO 2016 >
          • AALSO 2016 Dirty Laundry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2016 Water Quality/Chemistry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2016 Symposium Theme - Species Specific Abstracts
          • AALSO 2016 Dive Operations & Green Initiatives Abstracts
        • AALSO 2017 >
          • AALSO 2017 Monday Abstracts
          • AALSO 2017 Tuesday Abstracts
          • AALSO 2017 Wednesday Abstracts
        • AALSO 2018 >
          • AALSO 2018 Abstracts Monday
          • AALSO 2018 Abstracts Tuesday
          • AALSO 2018 Abstracts Wednesday
        • AALSO 2019 >
          • AALSO 2019 Dirty Laundry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 Water Quality & Chemistry Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 Program Management Series Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 New Innovations Series Abstracts
          • AALSO 2019 Making It Work Series Abstracts
      • International Aquarium Congress (IAC) >
        • IAC 2016 >
          • IAC 2016 Keynote Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Fish Husbandry Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 TAXA Champions Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Elasmonbranch Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Mammal and Turtle Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Aquatic Diseases Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Coral Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Life Support Operations Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Field Conservation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Fish Conservation and Propagation Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 New Aquariums and Exhibits Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Sustainable Seafood Movement Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Conservation Education Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Traveling and Temporary Exhibits Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Business Operations Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Aquarium Education Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Public Outreach Abstracts
          • IAC 2016 Conservation Outreach Abstracts
      • International Seadragon Husbandry Symposium (ISHS) >
        • ISHS 2016 >
          • ISHS 2016 Tuesday Abstracts
          • ISHS 2016 Wednesday Abstracts
        • ISHS 2018 > <