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      • Aquatic Animal Life Support Operators (AALSO) >
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      • International Aquarium Congress (IAC) >
        • IAC 2016 >
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      • International Seadragon Husbandry Symposium (ISHS) >
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      • National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association (NWRA) >
        • NWRA 2018 >
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        • NWRA 2019 >
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        • NWRA 2020 >
          • NWRA 2020 Plenary Session Abstracts
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        • NWRA 2021 >
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      • Sea Otter Conservation Workshop >
        • Sea Otter Conservation Workshop 2019 Abstracts >
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    • The Animal Behavior Management Alliance (ABMA) >
      • ABMA 2011 >
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      • ABMA 2015 >
        • ABMA 2015 Keynote >
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      • ABMA 2016 >
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      • ABMA 2017 >
        • ABMA 2017 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2017 Keynote Megan Parker
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          • ABMA 2017 Enrichment Workshop
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      • ABMA 2018 >
        • ABMA 2018 Keynotes >
          • ABMA 2018 Keynotes Gary Wilson and Thad Lacinak
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      • ABMA 2019 >
        • ABMA 2019 Keynote >
          • ABMA 2019 Keynote Kate Webb
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          • ABMA 2019 Panel Discussion - Hot Topics
      • ABMA 2021 >
        • ABMA 2021 Thursday
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      • ABMA 2022 >
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      • IMATA ABMA 2023 >
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    • International Conference on Environmental Enrichment (ICEE) >
      • ICEE 2011 >
        • ICEE 2011 Keynote >
          • ICEE 2011 Keynote Dr. Joy Mench
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          • ICEE 2011 Invited Workshop Dr. Cheryl Meehan
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        • ICEE 2011 Symposia >
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Personality and Behavioral Husbandry
          • ICEE 2011 Symposia Building enriched environments through design collaboration
    • Regional Aquatics Workshop (RAW) >
      • RAW 2012 >
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          • RAW 2012 Training
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      • RAW 2013 >
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          • RAW 2013 Conservation
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      • RAW 2014 >
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      • RAW 2016 >
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      • RAW 2017 >
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      • RAW 2018 >
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      • RAW 2019 >
        • RAW 2019 Presentations >
          • RAW 2019 Opening Presentations
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          • RAW 2019 Advances in Invertebrate Husbandry
          • RAW 2019 Advances in Marine Fish Husbandry
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          • RAW 2019 Animal Welfare
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        • RAW 2019 Discussions >
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          • RAW 2019 Taxon Advisory Groups (TAG)
      • RAW 2022 >
        • RAW 2022 Health Management
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        • RAW 2022 Sustainable Collections
    • International Elasmobranch Husbandry Symposium (IEHS) >
      • IEHS 2013 >
        • IEHS 2013 Sustainability
        • IEHS 2013 Health
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        • IEHS 2013 Husbandry II
    • Aquality >
      • Aquality II 2014 >
        • Aquality II 2014 Presentations >
          • Aquality II 2014 Supply and Pre-Treatment
          • Aquality II 2014 Chemical and Ultraviolet
          • Aquality II 2014 Ozone and Fractionation
          • Aquality II 2014 Mechanical Filtration
          • Aquality II 2014 Biological Filtration
          • Aquality II 2014 Marine Mammals and Friends
          • Aquality II 2014 Nutrient Control
          • Aquality II 2014 Denitrification
          • Aquality II 2014 Corals and Jellies LSS
          • Aquality II 2014 Microbiology in LSS
          • Aquality II 2014 Quantification
          • Aquality II 2014 Troubleshooting
    • Aquatic Animal Life Support Operators (AALSO) >
      • AALSO 2015 >
        • AALSO 2015 Host Facility Spotlights
        • AALSO 2015 Short Facility Updates
        • AALSO 2015 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2015 Sponsored Facility Updates
        • AALSO 2015 Symposium Theme
        • AALSO 2015 Dirty Laundry
      • AALSO 2016 >
        • AALSO 2016 Dirty Laundry
        • AALSO 2016 Water Quality/Chemistry
        • AALSO 2016 Symposium Theme - Species Specific
        • AALSO 2016 Dive Operations & Green Initiatives
      • AALSO 2017 >
        • AALSO 2017 Monday
        • AALSO 2017 Tuesday
        • AALSO 2017 Wednesday
      • AALSO 2018 >
        • AALSO 2018 Papers Monday
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      • AALSO 2019 >
        • AALSO 2019 Dirty Laundry
        • AALSO 2019 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2019 Program Management Series
        • AALSO 2019 New Innovations Series
        • AALSO 2019 Making It Work Series
      • AALSO 2021 >
        • AALSO 2021 New Innovations Series
        • AALSO 2021 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2021 Dirty Laundry
        • AALSO 2021 Program Management Series
        • AALSO 2021 Greening Up LSS
      • AALSO 2022 >
        • AALSO 2022 New Innovations Series
        • AALSO 2022 Making It Work
        • AALSO 2022 Water Quality & Chemistry
        • AALSO 2022 Program Management Series
    • International Aquarium Congress (IAC) >
      • IAC 2016 >
        • IAC 2016 Keynotes
        • IAC 2016 Fish Husbandry
        • IAC 2016 TAXA Champions
        • IAC 2016 Elasmonbranch Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Mammal and Turtle Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Aquatic Diseases
        • IAC 2016 Coral Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Life Support Operations
        • IAC 2016 Field Conservation
        • IAC 2016 Fish Conservation and Propagation
        • IAC 2016 New Aquariums and Exhibits
        • IAC 2016 Sustainable Seafood Movement
        • IAC 2016 Conservation Education
        • IAC 2016 Traveling and Temporary Exhibits
        • IAC 2016 Business Operations
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        • IAC 2016 Public Outreach
        • IAC 2016 Conservation Outreach
    • International Seadragon Husbandry Symposium (ISHS) >
      • ISHS 2016 >
        • ISHS 2016 Tuesday
        • ISHS 2016 Wednesday
      • ISHS 2018 >
        • ISHS 2018 Tuesday Presentations
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    • National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association (NWRA) >
      • NWRA Education Tracks >
        • Avian Basics Track
        • Basics of Wildlife Rehabilitation 1 Track
        • Mammal Basics Track
      • NWRA 2018 >
        • NWRA 2018 Keynote
        • NWRA 2018 Workshop Lecture
        • NWRA 2018 Administration
        • NWRA 2018 Urban Wildlife Conflict
        • NWRA 2018 Education
        • NWRA 2018 Assorted Topics
        • NWRA 2018 Release & Survival
      • NWRA 2019 >
        • NWRA 2019 Keynote
        • NWRA 2019 Setting Limits
        • NWRA 2019 Animal Welfare Plenary
        • NWRA 2019 Working Together
        • NWRA 2019 Avian Veterinary Topics
        • NWRA 2019 Workshop Lectures
        • NWRA 2019 Volunteers
        • NWRA 2019 Reptiles
        • NWRA 2019 Disease
        • NWRA 2019 Reuniting
        • NWRA 2019 Post-release
        • NWRA 2019 Avian
        • NWRA 2019 Education
        • NWRA 2019 Training Ambassadors
        • NWRA 2019 Mammals I
        • NWRA 2019 Diets & Nutrition
        • NWRA 2019 Avian Radiographs 101
      • NWRA 2020 >
        • NWRA 2020 Plenary Session
        • NWRA 2020 Avain 1
        • NWRA 2020 Mammals 1
        • NWRA 2020 Data
        • NWRA 2020 Rehabilitators and Zoos Roundtable
        • NWRA 2020 Herptiles
        • NWRA 2020 General
        • NWRA 2020 Veterinary
        • NWRA 2020 Waterbird
        • NWRA 2020 Medications
        • NWRA 2020 Oiled Wildlife & Disaster Response I
        • NWRA 2020 Toxicity
        • NWRA 2020 Education & Outreach
      • NWRA 2021 >
        • NWRA 2021 Avian
        • NWRA 2021 Herptiles
        • NWRA 2021 Mammals
        • NWRA 2021 Biosecurity
        • NWRA 2021 General Rehabilitation
        • NWRA 2021 Outreach
        • NWRA 2021 Wildlife Medicine
        • NWRA 2021 Veterinary
        • NWRA 2021 Standards Panel
      • NWRA 2022 >
        • NWRA 2022 Avian Care & Husbandry
        • NWRA 2022 Mammal Care & Husbandry
        • NWRA 2022 Parasite & Pathogens
        • NWRA 2022 General Rehabilitation Concepts
        • NWRA 2022 Compassion Fatigue
        • NWRA 2022 Avian Medicine
        • NWRA 2022 Mammal Medicine
        • NWRA 2022 Wildlife Medicine
        • NWRA 2022 Pharmacology
        • NWRA 2022 Triage & Trauma
        • NWRA 2022 Everyday Rehabilitation
        • NWRA 2022 Loons
      • NWRA 2023 >
        • NWRA 2023 Plenary
        • NWRA 2023 Administration, Fundraising, & Collaboration
        • NWRA 2023 Avian Medicine
        • NWRA 2023 Avian Rehabilitation
        • NWRA 2023 Diagnostics
        • NWRA 2023 Education Ambassadors
        • NWRA 2023 First Response
        • NWRA 2023 Herptile Care
        • NWRA 2023 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza
        • NWRA 2023 Home-based & Micro-center Rehabilitation
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International Elasmobranch Husbandry Symposium 2013

Husbandry Abstracts 


​Land Transportation of Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) 


​Yoshikazu Kitadani,
Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN



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When a whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is caught off the coast, it is kept in the water tank at the Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN research center in Kochi Prefecture first, and then transported to the aquarium in Osaka, conventionally by ship spending more than 20 hours. Since 2011, however, we have introduced land transportation and been successful in transporting whale shark in good condition by decreasing the time required by half. The transport container for whale shark is equipped with filter tank (activated carbon and zeolite), oxygen supplying unit, ventilation unit, and monitoring unit (water quality, behavior, and physiological).
The Rescue, Rehabilitation and Release of a Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus)
in the Arabian Gulf 


Robert Bennett,
​Atlantis The Palm Crescent Road Palm Jumeirah Dubai


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In August 2008 Atlantis the Palm located in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) was requested by local authorities to assist in the rescue of a juvenile female Whale shark, which was stranded in the Palm Jebel Ali, a man-made island located approximately 10km from Dubai. The animal was found trapped in warm shallow water with high salinity and low DO which was adding to the animal’s distress during the 18-month period of captivity subsequent to the animals rescue the following observations were made and are covered in this paper: Seasonal changes in swimming patterns possibly linked to swimming aggregations in the gulf; seasonal changes in feeding habit’s with periods of fasting; feeding habits in relation to growth; the recovery of wounds to the pectoral caudal fins sustained during the rescue period; changes in skin pigmentation on small areas of the body; capture and release techniques; and post-release tracking data.
​
Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus)
​at Georgia Aquarium 



​Christopher Coco,
Georgia Aquarium


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Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) have been on display at Georgia Aquarium since 2005. The Aquarium successfully transported six whale sharks from Taiwan over a three year period. An operant conditioning behavioral plan was developed to manage the sharks in the field, and in the Aquarium. Feeding techniques evolved to meet their changing needs. The Aquarium team continues to refine its techniques and has been able to address medical and behavioral challenges as they arise. Whale sharks have presented the following challenges: extended periods of inappetence, gastric stenosis, contact lesions, anemia and behavioral stereotypy. Treatment involved utilizing novel strategies to address ailments.
​
Notes on the Husbandry of Captive
​Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus) 


Keiichi Sator,
Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium


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The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is well known as the largest fish in the world, and it has been successfully kept in captivity for over 18 years at the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium. Many important factors for maintaining large individuals are reported here, such as the techniques used for capture, transport, feeding, medical care, monitoring, and reproduction in captivity. In addition, we report an allometric equation used to estimate precise Total Length (TL) by measuring the actual length from snout tip to first dorsal origin. This procedure contributes to determining the criteria used during all biological surveys, and to tracking the accurate growth rate of this species.
Specialist Group Report 3:
​AZA Studbook for the
Freshwater Stingray (Potamotrygon spp.
)

Erica Hornbrook,
​John G. Shedd Aquarium


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Specialist Group Report 4: European Studbook for the Blacktip Reef Shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus) 

Chris Brown,
Sea Life Adventure Park and Tower


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Keynote: What and How Do We Tell the Public About the Global Plight
​of Sharks and Rays  


Peter Knights,
WildAid


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No abstract

​A Review of the Care and Management of Manta sp. at Georgia Aquarium 

Christian Schreiber, 
Georgia Aquarium


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Manta rays (Manta sp.) have been part of Georgia Aquarium's living collection since 2009. Aquarium staff used operant conditioning techniques for consistent feeding and regularly scheduled medical examinations with little or no observable stress to the animals. The group’s behavioral management was adjusted as each new ray was introduced to the exhibit. Manta are handled annually for routine physicals, which include restraint, ventilation, blood draw, measurements, physical inspection, and release. The Aquarium team has dealt with multiple cases where medical care and techniques were developed and refined, leading to resolution of symptoms and recovery.
Husbandry and Breeding Management of Rhinobatos cemiculus 


​Alexis Lécu, D.V.M, Renaud Herbert, B.Sc,
Nausicaá


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Eight juvenile blackchin guitarfish, Rhinobatos cemiculus, were acquired by Nausicaá in 2006. In four years these elasmobranchs became sexually mature and a first birth was recorded in 2009. Since then, three females guitarfish laid pups every year, which brought the total number of offspring up to 45 by the end of 2012. Husbandry techniques, biometry on adults and juveniles, ultrasonography and regular blood sampling are now included in the regular husbandry routine in order to evaluate reproductive physiology of this species, not so common in aquarium. 
Elasmobranch Touch Pools:
Best Practices 


Beth Firchau, 
Virginia Aquarium & Marine Science Center


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Aquarium science technology and husbandry advances have provided excellent foundations for creative visitor interactive experiences involving all types of elasmobranchs. The demand for more intimate animal experiences involving touch pools is driving the industry to the limits of technology, animal welfare, and visitor adrenaline production. Recognizing and applying best practices in the design, construction, and management of elasmobranch touch pools is crucial to the success of these experiences. Safety, animal welfare, and health management policies related to collection management are necessary to ensure the well being of the elasmobranch collections and the excitement of the guests who participate in these experiences.​
Training and Conditioning of Elasmobranchs in Aquaria 

Jennie Janssen,
National Aquarium


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Training and conditioning of elasmobranchs is becoming increasingly more common among aquarium professionals. Station conditioning, target training, and tactile conditioning have been used to aid in the captive management of elasmobranchs with regards to better husbandry practices. The methods used to accomplish these tasks are similar to the operant conditioning techniques typically used for endothermic terrestrial and aquatic animals. These husbandry practices have been used for physical exams, blood draws, ultrasounds, as well as weight and diet management.
Diving with and Handling Elasmobranchs


 Allan Marshall,
Wonders of Wildlife


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Effective husbandry and veterinary protocols often require staff to enter an enclosure with elasmobranchs, interact with them, and occasionally handle them directly. At all times husbandry staff should be mindful of the potential dangers inherent in handling these animals. An understanding of the equipment and techniques required to minimize risk of injury are an essential part of protocols and training to be followed by husbandry personnel. Emergency procedures should be in place to ensure that any injury is treated promptly and effectively, and enduring injuries are minimized. 
Elasmobranchs and Guest-Immersive Interactive Programs 

Beth Firchau,
Virginia Aquarium & Marine
Science Center


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Full Abstract
Recognizing and applying best practices when developing and managing an elasmobranch immersive interactive or “swim with” program is crucial to program success. Identifying effective strategies for developing a new exhibit to accommodate such experiences and for retrofitting existing exhibits for a future program is paramount to cost-effective programming. Live collection, aquarist, and guest safety considerations must always by a priority. Ultimately, animal welfare and health management best practices must compliment the biological needs of the live elasmobranch collections, the excitement and inspirational needs of the guests, and the resources available of the sponsoring institution.
​Pushing the Frontiers of Elasmobranch Capture, Transport and Husbandry 


Forrest A. Young,
Dynasty Marine Associates, Inc


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Full Abstract
Dynasty Marine Associates, Inc. (DMA), have caught and transported a wide variety of elasmobranchs for more than three decades; including the first successful trans-Pacific air transport of the bonnet head shark, Sphyrna tiburo, and the first successful trans-Atlantic air transport of the scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini. DMA have also developed techniques to capture, care for, and transport the grandest of the sphyrnidae, the great hammerhead shark, Sphyrna mokarran, the largest specimen of which was 2.3 m TL. DMA have transported tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier, for durations of up to 48 hours and have pioneered capture and transportation techniques for many carcharhinid species, including the blacktip shark, Carcharhinus limbatus, the blacknose shark, C. acronotus, and the silky shark, C. falciformis. In addition, DMA have developed techniques and successfully conducted directed capture and transport efforts for many myliobatid species: the manta ray, Manta birostris, the lesser devil ray, Mobula hypostoma, and the spotted eagle ray, Aetobatus narinari. These capture and transport efforts have frequently met with success and occasionally failure. DMA have used these experiences to fine-tune techniques and their desire to try new and challenging species has never wavered. Capturing and transporting sharks and rays is not a task to be taken lightly, requiring the unique behavioral and physiological requirements of the animals to be met with innovative logistical and technical solutions. DMA’s successes have come through close collaboration with the public aquarium community, the scientific fraternity, accreditation agencies and various regulatory authorities. In the search for new and interesting species DMA have started investigating deep-water sharks as possible candidates for display in public aquaria.
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